Incazelo Eningiliziwe Yezindlela Zokuxhuma Ezi-4 Zabashayeli Be-LED
Njengamanje, imikhiqizo eminingi ye-LED isebenzisa imodi yokushayela yamanje engaguquki ukuze ihambisane nezici zokusebenza kwama-LED. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemiklamo yesekethe ehlukene, izindlela ezivamile zokuxhuma zama-LED zihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezine: uchungechunge, ukuhambisana, inhlanganisela yochungechunge-okufanayo, kanye ne-array. Imodi ngayinye inezici zayo zesakhiwo sesekethe, izinzuzo zohlelo lokusebenza, kanye nemikhawulo, okuzochazwa ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.
1. Imodi Yokuxhumana Yochungechunge
Isakhiwo esiyinhloko soxhumano lwechungechunge ukuxhuma ama-LED kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni ngokulandelana ukuze kwakheke iluphu evaliwe. Ngokuphathelene nezici zokusebenza, izinzuzo eziyinhloko zale modi yokuxhumanisa yisakhiwo sesekethe esilula, ukusebenza okulula koxhumano, kanye nogesi ogeleza kuwo wonke ama-LED uhambisana ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Njengoba ama-LED engamadivayisi ajwayelekile ohlobo lwamanje, ukuvumelana kogesi kungaqinisekisa ngqo ukuqina kokukhanya okufanayo kwe-LED ngayinye, kugweme umehluko wokukhanya.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uhlobo lokunikezwa kwamandla okushayela luzothinta ububanzi bomthelela wephutha wesekethe yochungechunge: uma kusetshenziswa ukunikezwa kwamandla okushayela we-voltage engaguquki, lapho enye yama-LED ifinyezwa nge-short circuit, ugesi wesekethe yonke uzokhula kakhulu. Uma ugesi udlula inani elilinganiselwe lokuthwala le-LED, amadivayisi azungeze i-LED efinyezwa nge-short azolimala kuqala, bese wonke ama-LED alandelayo azolimala ngokulandelana; uma kusetshenziswa ugesi wokushayela wamanje ongaguquki, noma ngabe enye yama-LED ifinyezwa nge-short circuit, ugesi wesekethe ungahlala ungaguquki, futhi ngeke uthinte amanye ama-LED. Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imodi yokushayela isetshenziswe kanjani, inqobo nje uma kwenzeka iphutha le-LED evulekile, yonke intambo yokukhanya ayikwazi ukukhanyiswa.
2. Imodi Yokuxhumana Ehambisanayo
Isici sokwakheka kokuxhumeka okuhambisanayo ukuthi iziphetho zawo wonke ama-LED ziyahlanganiswa futhi zixhunywe ngokulandelana, okungukuthi, ama-anode awo wonke ama-LED axhunywe ndawonye futhi ama-cathode axhunywe ndawonye. Kule modi yokuxhuma, i-voltage kuyo yonke i-LED ilingana ngokuphelele, kodwa ugesi ogeleza nge-LED ngayinye awuhlali ufana—noma ngabe ama-LED emodeli efanayo kanye ne-specification batch akhethiwe, ugesi ogeleza ngeke ulingane ngenxa yokwehluka okuncane ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza nezokukhiqiza. Ugesi ongenelanga uzothinta ngqo impilo yesevisi yama-LED. Ama-LED anogesi odlulele azoguga ngokushesha, impilo yawo yesevisi izofinyezwa kakhulu, futhi azoshiswa kalula ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.
Ngokuphathelene nobunzima besekethe, imodi yokuxhumanisa ehambisanayo ifana nemodi yokuxhumanisa yochungechunge, zombili eziyizakhiwo zesekethe ezilula, kodwa ukuthembeka nakho akuphakeme. Ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinenani elikhulu lama-LED, amathuba okuhluleka azokhula kakhulu.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imodi yokuxhumanisa ehambisanayo inezidingo ze-voltage ephansi futhi ifaneleka kakhulu ezimweni zokushayela ezine-voltage ephansi, kodwa kunezinkinga ezimbili ezibalulekile: okokuqala, umehluko wokwehla kwe-voltage phambili kwama-LED ahlukene kuzoholela ekukhanyeni okungaguquki, okuthinta umphumela wokukhanya; okwesibili, umthelela wephutha ukhethekile—uma i-LED eyodwa i-short-circuit, izobangela i-short circuit yonke, futhi wonke ama-LED awakwazi ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile; uma i-LED eyodwa i-open-circuit, uma usebenzisa i-constant current drive, i-current eyabelwe ekuqaleni le-LED izobekwa phezu kwama-LED asele, okuholela ekulimaleni kwe-overcurrent yama-LED asele, kuyilapho ukusebenzisa i-constant voltage drive ngeke kuthinte ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-LED yonke.
Imodi yokuhlanganisa uchungechunge nochungechunge iyinhlanganisela yochungechunge noxhumano oluhambisanayo. Isakhiwo sayo esijwayelekile yilesi: okokuqala, xhuma ama-LED amaningana ochungechungeni ukuze wakhe igatsha, bese uxhuma amagatsha amaningi ochungechunge ahambisanayo kuzo zombili iziphetho zokunikezwa kwamandla okushayela kwe-LED. Ngokwesisekelo sokuthi amapharamitha ama-LED ngamanye ayafana ngokuyisisekelo, le modi yokuxhuma ingaqinisekisa ukuthi i-voltage yawo wonke amagatsha ahambisanayo iyalingana, futhi ugesi kugatsha ngalinye lochungechunge uyafana, okungagcini nje ngokubheka inzuzo yokuvumelana kwamanje kwemodi yokuxhuma yochungechunge, kodwa futhi kuhlanganisa izici zokuzinza kwesekethe zemodi yokuxhuma ehambisanayo.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inzuzo eyinhloko yemodi yokuhlanganisa uchungechunge nokuhambisana ngcono kokuthembeka, okufanelekile kakhulu ezimweni zezibani ezinamandla aphezulu ezinenani elikhulu lama-LED. Uma kwenzeka iphutha le-LED egatsheni lochungechunge, lizothinta kuphela ukukhishwa kokukhanya kwalelo gatsha, futhi amanye amagatsha asengasebenza ngokujwayelekile. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela ezilula zochungechunge kanye nezindlela ezifanayo, ububanzi bomthelela wamaphutha buncishisiwe kakhulu. Njengamanje, izibani eziningi ze-LED ezinamandla aphezulu (njengezibani ze-LED, izibani zezimboni nezezimayini ze-LED, njll.) zisebenzisa imodi yokuhlanganisa uchungechunge nokuhambisana, engakwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhanyayo esinamandla aphezulu kuphela, kodwa futhi iqinisekise ukuthembeka kokusetshenziswa.
Umqondo oyinhloko womklamo wemodi yokuxhumanisa i-array "ukuphindaphindwa kweqembu". Isakhiwo sayo esijwayelekile yilesi: yakha igatsha elinama-LED amathathu njengeqembu, futhi iqembu ngalinye lamagatsha lixhunywe kuma-terminal amathathu ahlukene okukhipha i-Ua, i-Ub, ne-Uc yomshayeli ngokulandelana. Ngokombono we-logic yokusebenza, lapho wonke ama-LED amathathu egatsheni ejwayelekile, ama-LED amathathu akhipha ukukhanya ngesikhathi esifanayo; noma ngabe i-LED eyodwa noma ezimbili egatsheni zingavuleki, ama-LED asele angasebenza ngokujwayelekile, ngaleyo ndlela aqinisekise ukuthi okungenani i-LED eyodwa eqenjini ngalinye ikhipha ukukhanya.
